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Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge

FAA-H-8083-25C Version October 20, 2025

Acknowledgments

The Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge was produced by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) with the assistance of Safety Research Corporation of America. The FAA wishes to acknowledge the following contributors:

  1. Mrs. Nancy A. Wright for providing imagery of a de Haviland DH-4 inaugural air mail flight (Chapter
  2. 1)
  3. The Raab Collection, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, for images of the first pilot license (Chapter
  4. 1)
  5. Sandy Kenyon and Rod Magner (magicair.com) for photo of 1929 TravelAir 4000 (Chapter
  6. 1)
  7. Dr. Pat Veillette for information used on decision-making (Chapter
  8. 2)
  9. Adventure Seaplanes for photos of a ski and float training plane (Chapter
  10. 3)
  11. Jack Davis, Stearman Restorers Asociation, for photo of a 1941 PT-17 Army Air Corps trainer (Chapter
  12. 3)
  13. Michael J. Hoke, Abaris Training Resources, Inc., for images and information about composite aircraft (Chapter
  14. 3)
  15. Colin Cutler, Boldmethod, for images and content on the topic of ground effect (Chapter
  16. 5)
  17. Mark R. Korin, Alpha Systems, for images of AOA disaplys (Chapter
  18. van Leeuwen (www.zap16.com) for image of Piaggio P-180 (Chapter
  19. 6)
  20. Greg Richter, Blue Mountain Avionics, for autopilot information and imagery (Chapter
  21. Mountain High E&S Company for various images provided regarding oxygen systems (Chapter
  22. 7)
  23. Jeff Callahan, Aerox, for image of MSK-AS Silicone Mask without Microphone (Chapter
  24. 7)
  25. Nonin Medical, Inc. for image of Onyx pulse oximeter (Chapter
  26. 7)
  27. Pilotfriend.com for photo of a TKS Weeping Wing (Chapter
  28. 7)
  29. Chelton Flight Systems for image of FlightLogic (Chapter
  30. 8)
  31. Avidyne Corporation for image of the Entegra (Chapter
  32. 8)
  33. Teledyne Controls for image of an air data computer (Chapter
  34. 8)
  35. Watson Industries, Inc. (www.watson-gyro.com) for image of Attitude and Heading Reference system (Chapter
  36. 8)
  37. Engineering Arresting Systems Corporation (www.esco.zodiacaerospace.com) for EMAS imagery and EMASMAX technical digrams (Chapter
  38. 14)
  39. Caasey Rose and Jose Roggeveen (burningholesinthesky.wordpress.com) for flight checklist image (Chapter
  40. 14)
  41. Tim Murnahan for images of EMAS at Yeager Airport, Charleston, West Virginia, and EMAS arrested aircraft (Chapter
  42. 14)
  43. Cessna Aircraft Company, Columbia Aircraft Manufacturing Corporation, Eclipse Aviation Corporation, Garmin Ltd., The Boeing Company for images provided and used throughout the Handbook.

Additional appreciation is extended to the Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA), the AOPA Air Safety Foundation, the General Aviation Manufacturers Association (GAMA), and the National Business Aviation Association (NBAA) for their technical support and input.

Disclaimer: Information in Chapter 14 pertaining to Runway Incursion Avoidance was created using FAA orders, documents, and Advisory Circulars that were current at the date of publication. Users should not assume that all references are current and should check often for reference updates.